Side Effects of Treatment - Lymphedema

What is Lymphedema?

Lymphedema is when lymph fluid collects in tissue and causes swelling. Lymph nodes are responsible for filtering and circulating lymph fluid throughout the body. It also has a role in fighting infection. Clusters of lymph nodes are found in the underarm, groin, neck and abdomen. When the lymph nodes are removed as a result of surgery, this function might be strained, resulting in the build-up of fluid in the area where the lymph nodes were removed. 

How is Lymphedema Treated?

Lymphedema is best treated when found early so it is important to know the early signs and symptoms. However, not all swelling is lymphedema. Notify your doctor immediately if you notice any of the following symptoms near the cancer area:

• Swelling
• Your skin feels tight
• Your clothes or jewelry feel tight
• Numbness or tingling
• Pain, aching or heaviness

Who is at Risk for Developing Lymphedema?

Melanoma patients are at risk for developing lymphedema in the groin lymph node dissection in the leg and foot on the side of surgery as well as the abdomen, buttocks and genital areas. If lymph nodes were removed from the underarm area, the risk area is the chest wall, arm and hand on that side.

There are several things you can do to help reduce the chance of developing lymphedema:

• Keep the “at risk” limb clean and moisturized daily
• Avoid tight clothes and tight jewelry around the affected area
• Avoid heavy lifting, rigorous movements or excessive pressure on the affected limb
• Establish a safe exercise program. Yoga and Tai Chi are recommended.
• Avoid extreme temperature changes (i.e. saunas, hot tubs)
• If you have plans travel, ask for guidance from a lymphedema specialist
• Avoid deep massages to the “at risk” area
• Minimize chances of injury and infection to the affected limb
• Maintain ideal body weight with good nutrition and exercise